This book describes Alternative Service, a service which developed as a new phenomenon in Canadian history during World War II. It was a form of national service that the Canadian Government required of conscientious objectors in lieu of military training or service. In developing this form of service, the Government took into consideration the recommendations of the Historic Peace Churches (e.g, Mennonites, Quakers, Hutterites, Doukhobors). The provision of such a service during wartime is one of the most striking symbols of freedom of conscience and religion in a democracy.