This volume of New Directions of Child Development brings together longitudinal investigations of the transition to adulthood using a multi-cultural approach. Our specific focus is on the nature of parent-child relations prior to and during the transition from home and into adulthood. As a group, the chapters identify factors associated with the timing of the transition to adulthood as well as the adjustment outcomes (as defined by mental health, achievement behaviors, deviant behaviors, and social relations) associated with the timing and type of young adult transition. In particular, the longitudinal design of most of the studies allows the investigators to connect prior childhood and adolescent experiences with young adult outcomes.