The road history projects undertaken by the Virginia Transportation Research Council establish the feasibility of studies of early road networks and their use in the environmental review process. These projects, by gathering and publishing the early road orders of the vast parent counties, also lay the foundation for additional research by local groups over a broad area of Virginia. This volume marks the twenty-second entry in the Historic Roads of Virginia series, first initiated by the Virginia Transportation Research Council (then the Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council) in 1973. New Kent County and Hanover County Road Orders 1706-1743 expands the coverage of early Piedmont transportation records begun in the previously-published Goochland County Road Orders 1728-1744, Louisa County Road Orders 1742-1748, Albemarle County Road Orders 1744-1748, Albemarle County Road Orders 1783-1816, and Albemarle County Roads 1725-1816.